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Disability discrimination act 1995

Section 19 of the act makes it unlawful for a provider of services to discriminate against a disabled person by refusing to provide a service to the disable person which is provides to the general public. However section 19 is qualified by section 20 which makes it acceptable if the treatment is reasonable based on information or data relevant to the assessment of risk and obtained from a reliable source.

Thus any from of extra premium would be allowable if it can be justified by actuarial or other statistical or medical evidence.   The treatment must be reasonable but does not have to be the same as offered by other insurers.

Calculation of premiums

Premiums from each life insured are paid into a common fund. The fund must as a whole bear a relationship to the risk run by that fund. It therefore follows that each risk presented to the fund should bring with it a premium (fund contribution) that is equivalent or greater than the risk it also brings to the fund.

For some classes of general insurance such as motor is can be hard to predict the actual cost of claims in any one year. This is not so true of life insurance where mortality tables drawn up over the last couple of years allow the prediction of claims to a reasonable accurate level.

A mortality table shows for any given age the number of people living at that age and the number dying at that age.   By dividing the number of living by the number dying at the same age, a mortality rate can be produced for that age group.

All insurers employ actuaries (mathematicians) whose job it is to calculate what premiums to charge based on the mortality tables.
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